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What does a student learn in ?

This is the year science turns into real investigation. Students ask questions they can actually test, run simple experiments, and use the results as evidence to back up what they say. They look at forces and motion, how plants and animals survive in their habitats, and how weather and the land around them change. By spring, students can plan a small experiment, record what they see, and explain their thinking using the data they gathered.

  • Asking questions
  • Simple experiments
  • Forces and motion
  • Habitats and survival
  • Weather patterns
  • Building solutions
Source: Delaware Delaware Content Standards
Year at a glance
How the year usually goes. Every school and district set their own curriculum, so treat this as a guide, not official pacing.
  1. 1

    Thinking and working like scientists

    Students learn how scientists actually work. They ask questions they can test, run small experiments, record what they see, and look for patterns in the results.

  2. 2

    Forces, motion, and energy

    Students push, pull, and watch how things move. They explore how forces change motion and how energy shows up as heat, light, sound, and movement around them.

  3. 3

    Living things and their habitats

    Students look at plants and animals and the places they live. They notice how living things get what they need, how traits pass from parents to offspring, and how a habitat shapes who can live there.

  4. 4

    Earth, weather, and the sky

    Students track weather, study the land and water around them, and watch patterns in the sun, moon, and stars. They start to see Earth as a set of systems that shape daily life.

  5. 5

    Designing solutions to real problems

    Students take on a small engineering challenge. They define a problem, sketch ideas, build a simple model, test it, and improve the design based on what they learned.

Mastery Learning Standards
The required skills a student should display by the end of Grade 3.
Science and Engineering Practices
  • Asking Questions and Defining Problems

    Students come up with questions that can be tested by an experiment or a problem that could be solved by building something. This is how science and engineering both get started.

  • Developing and Using Models

    Students build or draw models, like diagrams or labeled sketches, to show how something in nature works or how a design solves a problem.

  • Planning and Carrying Out Investigations

    Students plan a simple test, collect data from it, and use what they find to check whether their idea holds up.

  • Analyzing and Interpreting Data

    Students look at information collected from an experiment or observation and find patterns in it. They then explain what those patterns mean.

  • Mathematics and Computational Thinking

    Students use counting, measuring, and simple math to back up what they observe in science. A number or measurement makes an idea easier to explain and check.

  • Constructing Explanations

    Students use observations and data to explain why something happened or how something works. They back up each explanation with evidence from what they actually saw or measured.

  • Engaging in Argument from Evidence

    Students look at two possible explanations or solutions, then use data or observations to argue which one holds up better. The focus is on the evidence, not on who has the stronger opinion.

  • Communicating Information

    Students read simple science texts, decide what information matters, and explain what they learned in their own words or with a drawing, chart, or diagram.

Physical Science
  • Matter and Interactions

    Students examine what everyday objects are made of and explore how tiny particles interact to explain why things look, feel, or behave the way they do.

  • Motion and Stability

    Students test how pushes and pulls change the way objects move, and what it takes to keep something still or balanced. This builds the foundation for understanding why heavier objects need more force to get moving.

  • Students explore how energy shows up in different forms, like heat, light, and sound, and trace what happens when it moves from one object to another. Nothing is lost; energy just changes or shifts.

  • Waves and Information

    Students explore how waves move energy from place to place, like sound traveling across a room or light carrying a signal. They look at how people use waves to send information.

Life Science
  • Structures and Processes

    Students look at how living things are built and how they work, from the tiny cells inside them to the bigger systems those cells form, like a digestive system or a root system.

  • Ecosystems

    Students explore how living things in a habitat depend on each other for food and energy. They look at what happens when one plant or animal changes and how that ripples through the other creatures sharing the same space.

  • Students look at physical traits like eye color, ear shape, or fur patterns and figure out which ones get passed from parents to offspring. They also notice that siblings can share some traits but differ in others.

  • Biological Evolution

    Students look at how living things are alike and different, and start to explore why species change over time. They compare animals and plants to find patterns in how life on Earth is connected.

Earth and Space Science
  • Earth's Place in the Universe

    Students explore where Earth sits in the solar system and how the sun, moon, and planets follow predictable patterns as they move. They also look at clues in rocks and landforms that reveal Earth's long history.

  • Earth's Systems

    Students explore how land, water, air, and living things work together on Earth. They look at what happens when one of those parts changes and how it affects the others.

  • Earth and Human Activity

    Students look at how things people do, like building roads or cutting down trees, change the land, water, or air around them. They also study how storms, floods, and earthquakes affect where and how people live.

Engineering, Technology, and Applications of Science
  • Engineering Design

    Students pick a problem to solve, sketch out a few possible fixes, then test their ideas and improve them based on what works. The goal is a design that does the job better than the first try.

  • Links Among Engineering, Technology, and Society

    Students explore how inventions shape daily life and how the needs of people shape what engineers build. A new tool can change how a community works, and a community's problems can spark the next invention.

No state assessments at this grade
Students take their next one in Grade 4.
National Monitoring

NAEP (National Assessment of Educational Progress)

Federally administered sample-based assessment in reading, mathematics, science, and writing. NAEP results inform state-by-state comparisons rather than individual student or school accountability.

When given:
biennial in winter
Frequency:
every two years
Official source
Common Questions
  • What does third grade science look like overall?

    Students study a little of everything: matter and motion, plants and animals, weather and the solar system, and basic engineering. The big shift is that students start acting like scientists. They ask questions, run small tests, collect data, and explain what they think is happening based on what they saw.

  • How can I help my child with science at home?

    Most science at this age starts with noticing things. Look at the moon over a week and sketch its shape. Drop different objects and time the fall. Watch a plant grow on the windowsill. When something surprises a student, ask what they think caused it and what they could try to find out.

  • Does my child need to memorize a lot of science facts?

    Not really. Third graders should know some basics, like the parts of a plant or the planets in order, but the bigger goal is doing science. A student who can plan a simple test and explain the results is in better shape than one who only memorized vocabulary.

  • What if my child says science is boring or too hard?

    Try shorter, hands-on bits at home. Build a paper airplane and change one thing about it each round. Mix oil and water. Freeze different liquids. Boredom usually fades once a student gets to predict, try, and see what happens.

  • How should I sequence the units across the year?

    A common path is matter and forces in the fall, life science and ecosystems in the winter, and Earth and space in the spring, with engineering woven through each unit. Anchor each unit in one investigation students return to, so the science practices build instead of resetting.

  • Which skills usually need the most reteaching?

    Planning a fair test and writing an explanation from evidence. Students will run an investigation, but when asked why something happened, many jump to a guess instead of pointing at their data. Sentence starters like "I think this because I saw" help a lot.

  • How much engineering should I actually include?

    More than it looks like on paper. Engineering is where students practice testing, measuring, and revising, which feeds every other unit. Plan at least one real design challenge per unit, such as building a shelter, a bridge, or a simple cup-and-string phone, with time to redesign after the first try.

  • How do I know a student is ready for fourth grade science?

    By spring, a student should be able to ask a testable question, plan a simple investigation, record data in a table or drawing, and give an explanation that points back to what they observed. Confidence with the steps matters more than getting every science term right.