What does a student learn in StateMissouri,GradeGrade 4,SubjectScience?

Make observations and/or measurements of an object's motion to provide evidence that a pattern can be used to predict future motion.

Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence of the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of an object.

Predict how changes in either the amount of force applied to an object or the mass of the object affects the motion (speed and direction) of the object.

Plan and conduct a fair test to compare and contrast the forces (measured by a spring scale in Newtons) required to overcome friction when an object moves over different surfaces (i.e., rough/smooth).

Use evidence to construct an explanation relating the speed of an object to the energy of that object.

Conservation of Energy and Energy Transfer

Provide evidence to construct an explanation of an energy transformation(e.g. temperature change, light, sound, motion, and magnetic effects)

Apply scientific ideas to design, test, and refine a device that converts energy from one form to another.

Relationship Between Energy and Forces

Use models to explain that simple machines change the amount of effort force and/or direction of force.

Develop a model of waves to describe patterns in terms of amplitude or wavelength and that waves can cause objects to move.

Construct an argument that plants and animals have internal and external structures that function to support survival, growth, behavior, and plant reproduction.

Information Processing

Use a model to describe that animals receive different types of information through their senses, process the information in their brain, and respond to the information in different ways.

Identify evidence from patterns in rock formations and fossils in rock layers to support an explanation for changes in a landscape over time.

Plan and conduct scientific investigations or simulations to provide evidence how natural processes (e.g. weathering and erosion) shape Earth's surfaces.

Analyze and interpret data from maps to describe patterns of Earth's features.

Natural Resources

Generate and compare multiple solutions to reduce the impacts of natural Earth processes on humans.

Define a simple design problem reflecting a need or a want that includes specified criteria for success and constraints on materials, time, or cost.

Generate and compare multiple possible solutions to a problem based on how well each is likely to meet the criteria and constraints of the problem.

Plan and carry out fair tests in which variables are controlled and failure points are considered to identify aspects of a model or prototype that can be improved.